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Chest X-Ray
Imaging of the lungs to look for location and extent of infection in the lungs.
Pneumonia in Seniors
Pneumonia is a common respiratory infection that affects the lungs. For most individuals, germs that enter the respiratory system are filtered out through the body’s natural defense system. However, if the body’s defense system is impaired, germs can travel down the respiratory tract and infect the lungs. When this occurs, it causes the small air sacs deep in the lungs to become inflamed and fill up with fluid or pus making it difficult to breathe.
What Causes Pneumonia in Seniors?
Anyone can contract pneumonia but is most seen in individuals with a compromised immune system such as the elderly and those with underlying chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease and diabetes.
Pneumonia can be caused by different bacteria, viruses, or fungi but the most common causes of pneumonia are:
- Bacterial Infections: The most common cause of bacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Other bacteria, such as Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus, can also cause the infection.
- Viral Infections: Influenza viruses (flu) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are common viral causes of pneumonia, especially in children.
- Fungal Infections: Fungal pneumonia is rare but can occur in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or individuals undergoing chemotherapy.
- Aspiration: Inhaled food, liquids, saliva, or vomit can enter the lungs, leading to aspiration pneumonia. This can happen when a person has difficulty swallowing or experiences loss of consciousness.
Risk Factors of Pneumonia in Seniors
Risk factors that impair an individual’s immune system make them more likely to develop pneumonia and include:
- Individuals 65 and older have a higher risk for pneumonia due to a weakened immune system making it difficult to fight off infection.
- Chronic underlying lung disease such as Asthma, COPD, and cystic fibrosis makes the lungs more vulnerable to infections.
- Certain chronic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, HIV/AIDs, or cancer can cause a weakened immune system making the body more susceptible to infection.
- Conditions that compromise the ability to swallow such as after a stroke, dementia or Parkinson’s disease can result in aspiration of food or saliva into the lungs that may then become infected.
- Cigarette smoke can damage the lung tissues making them more vulnerable to infections.
- Drug and alcohol abuse not only weakens the immune system but can also result in aspiration if an individual becomes over sedated by the drug or alcohol.
Common Symptoms of Pneumonia in Seniors
The signs and symptoms of pneumonia in seniors can vary depending on the cause and severity of the infection.
Common symptoms of pneumonia in seniors include:
- Cough: A persistent cough that may produce phlegm or pus.
- Fever: High body temperature accompanied by chills and sweating.
- Shortness of Breath: Difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, or feeling breathless during exertion.
- Chest Pain: Sharp or stabbing chest pain that worsens with deep breathing or coughing.
- Fatigue and Weakness: Feeling excessively tired and weak, often accompanied by loss of appetite.
- Confusion: Pneumonia can cause confusion, especially in older individuals.
- Low oxygen levels in the blood
- Confusion or difficulty to arouse
- Blueish tone to skin and lips
- Rapid shallow breathing
How are You Diagnosed with Pneumonia?
Diagnosis of pneumonia begins with a visit with a healthcare provider to assess symptoms and risk factors for pneumonia. They will also conduct a physical exam which includes listening to lung sounds and checking oxygen saturation with an oximeter.
Some providers can make a diagnosis of pneumonia without any additional testing, however additional tests may be ordered if needed including te following.
Treatment for Pneumonia in Senior Citizens
Treatment of pneumonia in senior citizens is based on the severity of symptoms and associated risk factors. Those with mild symptoms and low risk for severe illness can be treated at home with antibiotics. Supportive measures in senior healthcare are used to manage symptoms including the following.
Care for Pneumonia in Seniors at Greater Good Health
At Greater Good Health, we understand the unique health needs of seniors, especially when it comes to conditions like pneumonia. Our integrated approach combines top-notch treatment for pneumonia with specialized senior primary care services, proactive preventive care, and expert management of chronic conditions. Contact us today to schedule an appointment.
Our Pneumonia Treatment Services
Explore our pneumonia treatment services for seniors. Discover how our specialized services prioritize your health and comfort, fostering a path towards a swift and successful healing process.
